Evaluating of BDNF Expression in Blood Cells of Opium Recovering Patients with a New Treatment Method: A Molecular Marker

Dejakam, Ani; Dejakam, Ani; Hekmat, Azadeh

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Observer Congress 60 Human Revivification Society, Tehran, Iran

² Department of neuroscience, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies, Tehran, Iran

³ Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Introduction and Aim: Opium addiction is one of the most prevalent addiction in Iranian society. Throughout the last two decades, congress 60; a nongovernmental organization; has been operated a taper off treatment of opium associated with a package of psychological treatment group classes. Although the effectiveness of the taper off method in opium addiction has been verified, molecular mechanisms involved in this treatment have not explained. BDNF gene is a brain-derived neurotrophic factor that is associated with numerous molecular mechanisms of the brain including memory.
Methods: In this research, peripheral blood samples from 21 patients were collected from Congress 60. RNA was extracted from each sample, reverse transcribed and amplified via RT-PCR technique, utilizing specific primers for BDNF. The production of BDNF protein was also analyzed employing the western blotting technique.
Results: Our results exhibited considerable down expression of BDNF in addict persons vs. non-psychiatric persons (p < /em><0.01). Furthermore, BDNF expression levels in addicts increased significantly after the therapy period. Findings showed the effect of opium abuse and taper off treatment on the expression of BDNF.
Conclusion: The present study could help to a better understanding of molecular and neurological mechanisms of opium and taper off treatment. Additionally, BDNF level detection could be a potential marker for screening the effectiveness of various types of addiction treatment.

Keywords

20.1001.1.27832376.1399.1.1.3.7

Main Subjects

Medical Genetics

References

Bawor, M., Bami, H., Dennis, B.B., Plater, C., Worster, A., Varenbut, M., Daiter, J., Marsh, D.C., Steiner, M. and Anglin, R. 2015. Testosterone suppression in opioid users: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Drug and alcohol dependence, 149: 1-9.

Berton, O., McClung, C.A., DiLeone, R.J., Krishnan, V., Renthal, W., Russo, S.J., Graham, D., Tsankova, N.M., Bolanos, C.A. and Rios, M. 2006. Essential role of bdnf in the mesolimbic dopamine pathway in social defeat stress. Science, 311(5762): 864-868.

Cattelani, R., Zettin, M. and Zoccolotti, P. 2010. Rehabilitation treatments for adults with behavioral and psychosocial disorders following acquired brain injury: A systematic review. Neuropsychology review, 20(1): 52-85.

Fernandez, E., Bergado Rosado, J.A., Rodriguez Perez, D., Salazar Santana, S., Torres Aguilar, M. and Bringas, M.L. 2018. Effectiveness of a computer-based training program of attention and memory in patients with acquired brain damage. Behavioral Sciences, 8(1): 4.

Gratacos, M., Soria, V., Urretavizcaya, M., Gonzalez, J., Crespo, J., Bayes, M., De Cid, R., Menchon, J., Vallejo, J. and Estivill, X. 2008. A brain-derived neurotrophic factor (bdnf) haplotype is associated with antidepressant treatment outcome in mood disorders. The pharmacogenomics journal, 8(2): 101-112.

Guillin, O., Diaz, J., Carroll, P., Griffon, N., Schwartz, J.-C. and Sokoloff, P. 2001. Bdnf controls dopamine d 3 receptor expression and triggers behavioural sensitization. Nature, 411(6833): 86-89.

Kesler, S.R., Lacayo, N.J. and Jo, B. 2011. A pilot study of an online cognitive rehabilitation program for executive function skills in children with cancer-related brain injury. Brain Injury, 25(1): 101-112.

Koo, J.W., Labonté, B., Engmann, O., Calipari, E.S., Juarez, B., Lorsch, Z., Walsh, J.J., Friedman, A.K., Yorgason, J.T. and Han, M.-H. 2016. Essential role of mesolimbic brain-derived neurotrophic factor in chronic social stress–induced depressive behaviors. Biological psychiatry, 80(6): 469-478.

Koo, J.W., Mazei-Robison, M.S., LaPlant, Q., Egervari, G., Braunscheidel, K.M., Adank, D.N., Ferguson, D., Feng, J., Sun, H. and Scobie, K.N. 2015. Epigenetic basis of opiate suppression of bdnf gene expression in the ventral tegmental area. Nature neuroscience, 18(3): 415.

Kordi-Tamandani, D.M., Tajoddini, S. and Salimi, F. 2015. Promoter methylation and bdnf and dat1 gene expression profiles in patients with drug addiction. Pathobiology, 82(2): 94-99.

McGough, N.N., He, D.-Y., Logrip, M.L., Jeanblanc, J., Phamluong, K., Luong, K., Kharazia, V., Janak, P.H. and Ron, D. 2004. Rack1 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor: A homeostatic pathway that regulates alcohol addiction. Journal of Neuroscience, 24(46): 10542-10552.

Pencea, V., Bingaman, K.D., Wiegand, S.J. and Luskin, M.B. 2001. Infusion of brain-derived neurotrophic factor into the lateral ventricle of the adult rat leads to new neurons in the parenchyma of the striatum, septum, thalamus, and hypothalamus. Journal of Neuroscience, 21(17): 6706-6717.

Ribases, M., Gratacos, M., Armengol, L., De Cid, R., Badia, A., Jimenez, L., Solano, R., Vallejo, J., Fernandez, F. and Estivill, X. 2003. Met66 in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (bdnf) precursor is associated with anorexia nervosa restrictive type. Molecular psychiatry. 8(8): 745-751.

Robbins, T., Cardinal, R.N., DiCiano, P., Halligan, P.W., Hellemans, K., Lee, J. and Everitt, B.J. 2007. Neuroscience of drugs and addiction. In: Drugs and the future. Elsevier: pp: 11-87.

Schmidt, H.D., Sangrey, G.R., Darnell, S.B., Schassburger, R.L., Cha, J.H.J., Pierce, R.C. and Sadri‐Vakili, G. 2012. Increased brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (bdnf) expression in the ventral tegmental area during cocaine abstinence is associated with increased histone acetylation at bdnf exon i‐containing promoters. Journal of neurochemistry, 120(2): 202-209.

Toledo‐Rodriguez, M., Lotfipour, S., Leonard, G., Perron, M., Richer, L., Veillette, S., Pausova, Z. and Paus, T. 2010. Maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with epigenetic modifications of the brain‐derived neurotrophic factor‐6 exon in adolescent offspring. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics, 153(7): 1350-1354.

West, R. and Brown, J. 2013. Theory of addiction. John Wiley & Sons.

Zigova, T., Pencea, V., Wiegand, S.J. and Luskin, M.B. 1998. Intraventricular administration of bdnf increases the number of newly generated neurons in the adult olfactory bulb. Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, 11(4): 234-245.

Research in Cell and Tissue

Evaluating of BDNF Expression in Blood Cells of Opium Recovering Patients with a New Treatment Method: A Molecular Marker

References

References

Volume 1, Issue 1
September 2020
Pages 16-25

Evaluating of BDNF Expression in Blood Cells of Opium Recovering Patients with a New Treatment Method: A Molecular Marker

References

References

Volume 1, Issue 1September 2020Pages 16-25

Volume 1, Issue 1
September 2020
Pages 16-25